Advanced Arithmetic for Secondary Schools. Professor Stewart's Cabinet of Mathematical Curiosities. The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences.
Sphenic number, a product of three distinct primes. It consisted of 1679 was chosen because it is a semiprime and therefore can be arranged into a rectangular image in only two distinct ways (23 rows and 73 columns, or 73 rows and 23 columns). In 1974 the Arecibo message was sent with a radio signal aimed at a star cluster. The original RSA Factoring Challenge was issued in 1991, and was replaced in 2001 by the New RSA Factoring Challenge, which was later withdrawn in 2007. In the RSA Factoring Challenge, RSA Security offered prizes for the factoring of specific large semiprimes and several prizes were awarded. These methods rely on the fact that finding two large primes and multiplying them together (resulting in a semiprime) is computationally simple, whereas finding the original factors appears to be difficult. 
MathWorld.Semiprimes are highly useful in the area of cryptography and number theory, most notably in public key cryptography, where they are used by RSA and pseudorandom number generators such as Blum Blum Shub. The Number Mysteries: A Mathematical Odyssey through Everyday Life.
^ "The RSA Factoring Challenge is no longer active".The Mathematics of Encryption: An Elementary Introduction.
^ a b Cozzens, Margaret Miller, Steven J. 
Semiprimes are highly useful in the area of cryptography and number theory, most notably in public key cryptography, where they are used by RSA and pseudorandom number generators such as Blum Blum Shub.
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